Glossary A | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | Z Al-Asmaul Husna - Most excellent (beautiful) names of Allah Allah - Is the proper name of God Allahu Akbar - Allah (God) is the Greatest Amina - Muhammad's (PBUH) mother Ansar - Helpers, Muslims from Medina Asr - The Third of the five daily Prayer services, offered any time between when the sun starts declining and sunset Adhan - The Islamic call for prayer Dua-e-Qunoot - Arabic name of the special Prayer recited in the last Rakat of Vitr Prayer Durood (Assalat-u-Alannabi) - Invocation of blessings upon the Holy Prophet of Islam, (PBUH) Eid-ul-Adhia - Islamic Festival commemorating the obedience to God of Prophet Ibrahim (or Abraham), peace be upon him, and his son and Prophet Ishmael (PBUH) Eid-ul-Fitr - The Islamic festival concluding the fasting of the month of Ramadhan Fajr - The first of five daily Prayer services, offered any time during the period starting from dawn and ending a few minutes before sunrise Faraidh - Plural form of Fardh (compulsory Prayer) Fitrana - Money contributed by Muslims before the Eid-ul-Fitr so that the needy and poor also join the festivities Ghazwa - Battle in which Muhammad (PBUH) himself lead the Muslims Ghazwa (Battle) of Tabuk - The last great battle lead by the Holy Prophet, peace be upon him Hadrat Abdul-Muttalib - Muhammad's (PBUH) Grandfather Hadrat Fatima - Muhammad's (PBUH) youngest daughter Hadrat Khadija - Muhammad's first wife, one of the first people to accept Islam. Hadrat Safiyya - Wife of Muhammad (PBUH) Hadrat Zainab Bint Khazima - Wife of Muhammad (PBUH) Hajj - Pilgrimage to the Ka'aba in Mecca Arabia. The fifth pillar of Islam, performed on the 10th day of Dhul Hijja Hajjatul-Wida - Farewell Pilgrimage. Last Hajj performed by Mohammad (PBUH) Hajr-I-Aswad - Black Stone in Ka'aba Hazrat Abu Bakr - Muhammad's (PBUH) the best friend and the first person to accept Islam who also became the first Caliph or Khalifah Hazrat Aisha - Wife of Muhammad (PBUH) and the daughter of Hazrat Abu Bakr Hazrat Ali - The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) dearest cousin and son-in-law who was the first child to accept Islam Hazrat Fatima - The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) fourth daughter, may Allah be pleased with her Hazrat Habiba - Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) Hazrat Hafsa - Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) Hazrat Halima Sadiyya - The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) wet nurse Hazrat Hamza - The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) maternal uncle Hazrat Ibrahim - The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) second son, may Allah be pleased with him Hazrat Jawariya bint Harith - Wife of Muhammad (PBUH) Hazrat Jibrail - The Arc Angel Gabriel who brought the First Revelation in Cave of Hira to Muhammad's (PBUH) Hazrat Maimuna - Wife of Muhammad (PBUH) Hazrat Ruqayya - The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) second daughter, may Allah be pleased with her Hazrat Salman Farsi - Companion of the Holy Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) who migrated from Faris (Iran) Hazrat Sauda - Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) Hazrat Umar - The second of the four Khulafa-e-Rashideen Hazrat Um-e-Kalthum - The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) third daughter, may Allah be pleased with her Hazrat Um-e-Salma -Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) Hazrat Zaid - The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) freed slave and his adopted son - one of the first people to accept Islam Hazrat Zainab - The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) first daughter, may Allah be pleased with her Hazrat Zainab bint Hajash - Wife of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) Hijrat - Migration from Mecca to Medina Hira - Cave where the Holy Propeht Muhammad (PBUH) received the first revelation from Allah Imam - The person who leads the prayer or service Inna lillahi wa inna ilaihi rajiun - To Allah we belong to Him we must return Iqamah (Iqamat) - A shorten verse of the Adhan, which is recited loudly to indicate that a congregational Prayer is about to start Isha - The fifth and last of the five daily Prayer services, offered any time between nightfall and midnight, or before going to bed Jilsa - The sitting position which occurs in between two prostrations during Prayer Ka'aba - The first house of worship ever built on the face of the earth for the worship of One and Only Allah - re-constructed by Hazrat Ibrahim and his son for worship of Allah - All daily prayers are offered facing in the direction of Ka'aba from all over the world Kalimah - The credo of Islam, "There is none worthy of worship save Allah; Muhammad is the messenger of Allah" Kalimah Shahadah (Kalima) - The deceleration of Islamic faith Khusoof - Eclipse of the moon, during which a special Prayer is to be offered Kusoof - Eclipse of the Sun during which a special Prayer is to be offered Medina - Second Holiest place after Mecca - City where the Holy Prophet Mohammad (PBUH) settled after the migration from Mecca Maghrib - The fourth of the five daily Prayer services, which can be offered any time in the period starting from immediately after sunset and ending when there is still some light left on the horizon Makroohat - Acts which are considered inappropriate during Prayer Malikis - One of the sects of Islam Muadhin - The person who says the Adhan, or call to Prayer Muhajirin - Immigrants from Mecca Muhammad - The Holy Prophet of Islam, Muhammad, peace be upon him (PBUH) Mustahab - Preferable or praiseworthy things, when referring to the style or manner of performing Prayer Nawafil - Optional category of Prayer Nikah - Contract of marriage Niyyah (Niyyat) - The formal intention which one makes in one's mind before starting a Prayer Ordinance of Jizya - Tax on non-believers seeking protection from Muslims and exemption from military service in defense of the country they were living in as its citizens Q'adah - Sitting position adopted towards the end of the second Rakat in Prayer Qadhaa - Offering a missed Prayer Qasim - The Holy Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) first son, may Allah be pleased with him Qasr - The act of shortening ones Prayer, especially during long distance travel Qauma - The Posture of standing erect after Ruku Qibla - Revelation and change of direction to face for Formal Prayers, (Salat) towards Ka'aba Qiyaam - The standing position in Prayer Quba - Town near Medina Quba Mosque - Location of first Mosque of Islam Rakat - One complete unit within a Prayer Ramadan - Name of a month in Islamic Calendar - Fasting in the month of Ramadan is obligatory for all stationed adult and healthy Muslims Ruku' - The bowing down position in Prayer Sajdah - The position of Prostration in Prayer Salat - Prayer Salat-ul-Zuhr - The second phase of Salat-ul-Ishraq Salat-ul-Hajaat - Prayer offered when one is in need or difficulty Salat-ul-Tasbih - Optional prayer of four Rakaat to be offered at least once in one's lifetime Saum - Fasting in the month of Ramadhan also known as the forth pillar of Islam Shias - One of the sects of Islam Sujood (Sajdah) - The posture of Prostration in Prayer Sujood-us-Sahv - Prostrations of atonement preformed when a mistake has been committed during Prayer and which may affect its validity Sunan - Plural of Sunnat Sunnah (Sunnat) - One type of category of Prayer, compulsory but not Fardh (obligatory), more important than a Nafl (voluntary) prayer Sunnis - One of the sects of Islam Sura (Surah) - Arabic word for a chapter - used for designating the chapters of the Holy Quran Sutra - An object which a worshipper places before him to mark the physical boundary of his Prayer Tahajjud -Optional Prayer of great merit offered in the latter part of the night Tahmeed - The prescribed words recited by the congregation in response to the Tasmee' of the Imam, also words of praise and remembrance of God Taif - Town 40 miles from Mecca Takbeer - A set formula, recited loudly in order to indicate that a congregational Prayer is about tostart Takbir-I-Tahreema - The Arabic expression Allahu Akbar (God is the Greatest) proclaimed by the Imam while he raises his two hands to his earlobes at the very beginning of a congregational Prayer service Taraveeh - Special Prayer offered after Isha Prayer during the month of Ramadhan Tashahhud - A prayer recited at the beginning of the Qadah (second sitting position) in Prayer Tawwudh - Set words for seeking the protection of God against Satan, recited at the beginning of aprayer Thaur - The cave where Prophet (PBUH) took refuge with Hazrat Abu Bakr from the people of Mecca on their way to Medina Ummul-Muminin - Mother of the believers - A title for the wives of the Holy Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him Umra (Umratul-Qada) - A pilgrimage to Mecca that can be performed during any time of the year except when Hajj is being performed Zakat - Mandatory offering of alms Zakat-ul-Fitr - Alms at the Eid-ul-Fitr Zuhr - The second of the five daily Prayer services offered
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